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An improved low-complexity sum-product decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check codes

Michaelraj Kingston ROBERTS,Ramesh JAYABALAN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第6期页码 511-518 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400269

摘要： In this paper, an improved low-complexity sum-product decoding algorithm is presented for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. In the proposed algorithm, reduction in computational complexity is achieved by utilizing fast Fourier transform (FFT) with time shift in the check node process. The improvement in the decoding performance is achieved by utilizing an optimized integer constant in the variable node process. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an overall coding gain improvement ranging from 0.04 to 0.46 dB. Moreover, when compared with the sum-product algorithm (SPA), the proposed decoding algorithm can achieve a reduction of 42%-67% of the total number of arithmetic operations required for the decoding process.

关键词： Computational complexity Coding gain Fast Fourier transform (FFT) Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes Sum-product algorithm (SPA)

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Multi-objective optimal design of braced frames using hybrid genetic and ant colony optimization

Mehdi BABAEI,Ebrahim SANAEI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期页码 472-480 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0368-4

摘要： In this article, multi-objective optimization of braced frames is investigated using a novel hybrid algorithm. Initially, the applied evolutionary algorithms, ant colony optimization (ACO) and genetic algorithm (GA) are reviewed, followed by developing the hybrid method. A dynamic hybridization of GA and ACO is proposed as a novel hybrid method which does not appear in the literature for optimal design of steel braced frames. Not only the cross section of the beams, columns and braces are considered to be the design variables, but also the topologies of the braces are taken into account as additional design variables. The hybrid algorithm explores the whole design space for optimum solutions. Weight and maximum displacement of the structure are employed as the objective functions for multi-objective optimal design. Subsequently, using the weighted sum method (WSM), the two objective problem are converted to a single objective optimization problem and the proposed hybrid genetic ant colony algorithm (HGAC) is developed for optimal design. Assuming different combination for weight coefficients, a trade-off between the two objectives are obtained in the numerical example section. To make the final decision easier for designers, related constraint is applied to obtain practical topologies. The achieved results show the capability of HGAC to find optimal topologies and sections for the elements.

关键词： multi-objective hybrid algorithm ant colony genetic algorithm displacement weighted sum method steel braced frames

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带多局部约束的改进push-sum框架分布式优化及其在智能电网中的应用

徐谦,俞楚天,袁翔,韦梦立,刘洪喆

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第9期页码 1253-1260 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200596

摘要：为此，在改进的push-sum框架下，本文设计了新的分布式优化算法，并在强连通图的假设下给出了其严格的收敛分析。最后，仿真结果证明了所提算法的良好性能。

关键词：分布式优化非一致约束改进push-sum框架

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Haloacetic acids in swimming pool and spa water in the United States and China

Xiaomao WANG,Garcia Leal M I,Xiaolu ZHANG,Hongwei YANG,Yuefeng XIE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第6期页码 820-824 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0712-7

摘要： The objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of haloacetic acids (HAAs), a group of disinfection byproducts, in swimming pool and spa water. The samples were collected from six indoor pools, six outdoor pools and three spas in Pennsylvania, the United States, and from five outdoor pools and nine indoor pools in Beijing, China. Five HAAs (HAA5), including monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid were analyzed. Total chlorine, pH and total organic carbon concentration were analyzed as well. Results indicated that the levels of HAA5 in swimming pools and spas in the United States ranged from 70 to 3980 μg·L , with an arithmetic average at 1440 μg·L and a median level at 1150 μg·L . These levels are much higher than the levels reported in chlorinated drinking water and are likely due to organic matters released from swimmers’ bodies. The levels of HAA5 in swimming pools in China ranged from 13 to 332 μg·L , with an arithmetic average at 117 μg·L and a median level at 114 μg·L . The lower HAA levels in swimming pools in China were due to the lower chlorine residuals. Results from this study can help water professionals to better understand the formation and stability of HAAs in chlorinated water and assess risks associated with exposures to HAAs in swimming pools and spas.

关键词： chlorination disinfection byproduct haloacetic acid swimming pool trihalomethane

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Experimental investigation of fatigue behavior of spur gear in altered tooth-sum gearing

H. K. SACHIDANANDA, Joseph GONSALVIS, H. R. PRAKASH

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 268-278 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0331-6

摘要：

This paper deals with the contact stress, power loss, and pitting of spur gear tooth in altered tooth-sum gearing for a tooth-sum of 100 teeth when altered by±4% tooth-sum. Analytical and experimental methods were performed to investigate and compare the altered tooth-sum gearing against the standard tooth-sum gearing. The experiments were performed using a power recirculating type test rig. The tooth loads for the experimental investigations were determined considering the surface durability of gears. A clear picture of the surface damage was obtained using a scanning electron microphotograph. The negative alteration in the tooth-sum performed better than the positive alteration in a tooth-sum operating between specified center distances.

关键词： spur gear power recirculating test rig altered tooth-sum gearing scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

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Oral product input to the GI tract: GIS an oral product performance technology

Gordon L. Amidon, Yasuhiro Tsume

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 516-520 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1658-7

摘要： The patient receives a pharmaceutical product, not a drug. The pharmaceutical products are formulated with a drug, an active ingredient to produce the maximum therapeutic effect after oral absorption. Therefore, it is the product we must optimize for the patients. In order to assure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products, we need an predictive tool for oral product performance in patients. Currently, we are a surprisingly long way from accomplishing that objective. If the 20th century was the ‘age of the drug’, i.e., the ‘magic bullet’, the 21st century must become the ‘age of the guided missile’, i.e., the delivery system, including the form of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) (‘drug’). The physical form of the drug and the delivery system must be optimized to maximize the therapeutic benefits of pharmaceutical products for humans. Oral immediate release (IR) dosage forms cannot be optimal for all drugs or likely even any drugs (APIs). Still, the formulation of pharmaceutical products has to be optimized for patients. But how do we optimize oral delivery of drugs? It is usually through ‘trial and error’, in humans! We need a better way to optimize the oral dosage forms. We have suggested to select different dissolution methodologies for this optimization based on BCS Subclasses. In this article, we present the predicted drug dissolution profile of ketoconazole as a model drug from our laboratory utilizing a gastrointestinal simulator (GIS), which is an adaptation of the ASD system. GIS consists of three chambers representing stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, to create the human gastrointestinal tract-like environment and enable the control the gastric emptying rate. This dissolution system allows the monitoring of the drug dissolution phenomena and the observation of the supersaturation and the precipitation of pharmaceutical products, which is useful information to predict dissolution of pharmaceutical products. This system can provide the actual input needed to accurately predict the input into the systemic circulation required by many of the absorption prediction packages available today.

关键词： GIS in vivo predictive dissolution ketoconazole BCS subclassification supersaturation

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Review of sentiment analysis: An emotional product development view

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 592-609 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0227-z

摘要： Conveying consumers’ specific emotions in new products, referred to as emotional product development or emotional design, is strategically crucial for manufacturers. Given that sentiment analysis (SA) can extract and analyze people’s opinions, sentiments, attitudes, and perceptions regarding different products/services, SA-based emotional design may provide manufacturers with real-time, direct, and rapid decision support. Despite its considerable advancements and numerous survey and review articles, SA is seldom considered in emotional design. This study is among the first efforts to conduct a thorough review of SA from the view of emotional design. The comprehensive review of aspect-level SA reveals the following: 1) All studies focus on extracting product features by mixing technical product features and consumers’ emotional perceptions. Consequently, such studies cannot capture the relationships between technical and emotional attributes and thus cannot convey specific emotions to the new products. 2) Most studies use the English language in SA, but other languages have recently received more interest in SA. Furthermore, after conceptualizing emotion as Kansei and introducing emotional product development and Kansei Engineering, a review of the data-driven emotional design is then conducted. A few efforts start to study emotional design with the help of SA. However, these studies only focus on either analyzing consumers’ preferences on product features or extracting emotional opinions from online reviews, thus cannot realize data-driven emotional product development. Finally, some research opportunities are provided. This study opens a broad door to aspect-level SA and its integration with emotional product development.

关键词： sentiment analysis emotion product development Kansei Engineering

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Lean Product Development—Faster, Better … Cleaner?

Geert Letens

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 52-59 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015007

摘要： To address this challenge, lean product development has emerged to become the leading improvement methodology for companies toward the creation of a competitive advantage on innovation and technology leadership. While lean product development has its origin in the best practice studies of Japanese car manufacturers such as Toyota, it has been further elaborated in defence and aerospace organizations over the last two decades, and recently empirical evidence has become available for successful introductions in sectors different from the traditionally-studied environments. The primary purpose of this work is to untangle the fuzziness that still surrounds lean product development and to ground the key aspects of lean product development based on insights from six studies published in a special issue of the on this topic. This demonstrates how better and faster product development can be achieved through the integration of lean principles with the best of more traditional new product development (NPD) practices, into a holistic system that can be characterised by value-focused and risk-based decision making, the socio-technical integration of people and process, improved project, pipeline and portfolio management, optimized knowledge management, and the creation of a learning organization. Unfortunately, while the increasing global competition offers the potential to improve the quality of life for many, the spirit of faster, better, and cheaper also threatens to endanger the future of our planet as a whole. As the majority of a product’s social and ecological impacts are committed in the design phase, it, therefore, seems imperative to investigate the integration of lean product development and eco-design principles. As a result, this work also explores the symbiosis of both approaches through the identification of tools and methods that can support the triple bottom-line goals for a sustainable future of life and business.

关键词： lean product development sustainability engineering responsible design

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An energy consumption prediction approach of die casting machines driven by product parameters

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 868-886 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0656-0

摘要： Die casting machines, which are the core equipment of the machinery manufacturing industry, consume great amounts of energy. The energy consumption prediction of die casting machines can support energy consumption quota, process parameter energy-saving optimization, energy-saving design, and energy efficiency evaluation; thus, it is of great significance for Industry 4.0 and green manufacturing. Nevertheless, due to the uncertainty and complexity of the energy consumption in die casting machines, there is still a lack of an approach for energy consumption prediction that can provide support for process parameter optimization and product design taking energy efficiency into consideration. To fill this gap, this paper proposes an energy consumption prediction approach for die casting machines driven by product parameters. Firstly, the system boundary of energy consumption prediction is defined, and subsequently, based on the energy consumption characteristics analysis, a theoretical energy consumption model is established. Consequently, a systematic energy consumption prediction approach for die casting machines, involving product, die, equipment, and process parameters, is proposed. Finally, the feasibility and reliability of the proposed energy consumption prediction approach are verified with the help of three die casting machines and six types of products. The results show that the prediction accuracy of production time and energy consumption reached 91.64% and 85.55%, respectively. Overall, the proposed approach can be used for the energy consumption prediction of different die casting machines with different products.

关键词： die casting machine energy consumption prediction product parameters

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A hybrid method for product low-end disruptive innovation

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0690-6

摘要： Product innovation is often a process for improving existing products. Low-end disruptive innovation (LDI) enables a product to meet the most price-sensitive customers in the low-end market. The existing LDI methods are mainly based on unnecessary characteristics of disruptive innovations. Thus, they cannot easily identify and respond to the LDI design needs. This study proposes a hybrid method for the product LDI in two levels of the product design based on the summarized definition and essential characteristics of LDI. Feasible areas of the product LDI are determined using a hybrid relational function model to identify the maturity of dominant technologies. The technologies are identified through the technical search and evaluation of the feasible area for innovation to form an initial LDI scheme. Then, the product function is optimized using the trimming concept of theory of inventive problem solving based on the characteristics of LDI. The final LDI scheme is formed and evaluated based on the essential characteristics of the product LDI. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified in the design of a new dropping pill machine.

关键词： low-end disruptive innovation product design design improvement theory of inventive problem solving TRIZ trimming

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Isomorphism analysis on generalized modules oriented to the distributed parameterized intelligent product

Shasha ZENG, Weiping PENG, Tiaoyu LEI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第1期页码 12-23 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0555-9

摘要： The distributed parameterized intelligent product platform (DPIPP) contains many agents of a product minimum approximate autonomous subsystem (generalized module). These distributed agents communicate, coordinate, and cooperate using their knowledge and skills and eventually accomplish the design for mass customization in a loosely coupled environment. In this study, a new method of isomorphism analysis on generalized modules oriented to DPIPP is proposed. First, on the basis of the bill of material partition and generalized module mining, the parameters of the main characteristics are extracted to construct the main characteristic parameter matrix. Second, similarity calculation of generalized modules is realized by improving the clustering using representatives algorithm, and isomorphism model sets are obtained. Generalized modules with a similar structure are combined to complete the isomorphism analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by taking high- and medium-pressure valve data as an example.

关键词： distributed parameterized intelligent product platform generalized module isomorphism analysis product family

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面向主动回收的产品模块化设计方法

张宠元,魏巍,詹洋,李汝鹏

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 42-49 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.007

摘要：

随着人们环保意识的增强，对产品可回收性能的要求也逐渐提高。本文在传统模块化设计方法的基础上，在产品设计初期融入了可主动回收产品的模块化设计思想，提出了基于主动回收产品的模块化准则，并且把主动回收度、内部聚合度以及外部耦合度作为优化目标进行模块划分。在算法部分，提出一种改进的免疫克隆多目标优化算法，该算法以变异操作为主，并通过去除较拥挤的抗体进行优化。最后，把该方法应用于内燃机模块划分中，与未优化的免疫算法进行对比，证明了改进免疫算法的优越性。

关键词：主动回收多目标优化模块化划分改进的免疫算法绿色设计

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Highlights in agri-product quality and safety

Guanghong ZHOU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 289-290 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018236

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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Massively efficient filter for topology optimization based on the splitting of tensor product structure

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0710-6

摘要： In this work, we put forward a massively efficient filter for topology optimization (TO) utilizing the splitting of tensor product structure. With the aid of splitting technique, the traditional weight matrices of B-splines and non-uniform rational B-spline implicit filters are decomposed equivalently into two or three submatrices, by which the sensitivity analysis is reformulated for the nodal design variables without altering the optimization process. Afterwards, an explicit sensitivity filter, which is decomposed by the splitting pipeline as that applied to implicit filter, is established in terms of the tensor product of the axial distances between adjacent element centroids, and the corresponding sensitivity analysis is derived for elemental design variables. According to the numerical results, the average updating time for the design variables is accelerated by two-order-of-magnitude for the decomposed filter compared with the traditional filter. In addition, the memory burden and computing time of the weight matrix are decreased by six- and three-order-of-magnitude for the decomposed filter. Therefore, the proposed filter is massively improved by the splitting of tensor product structure and delivers a much more efficient way of solving TO problems in the frameworks of isogeometric analysis and finite element analysis.

关键词： topology optimization isogeometric analysis finite element analysis tensor product structure sensitivity analysis